In the U.S., 2025 was about crypto becoming institution-ready. U.S. policy shifted from gating to governance: the OCC and FDIC removed prior pre-clearance hurdles for bank crypto activity, the SEC dropped key enforcement pressure and reversed custody accounting friction (SAB 121), and Washington began writing a clearer statutory perimeter for stablecoins via the GENIUS Act.
Distribution widened most where incumbents actually put crypto rails into high-throughput workflows: (1) merchant checkout moved from crypto-native to mainstream platforms, combining Shopify plus Stripe enabling USDC acceptance with PayPal’s “Pay with Crypto” as one “commerce checkout and settlement” theme, (2) payments and banking infrastructure moved toward real institutional usage via Visa expanding USDC settlement in the U.S. and Fiserv launching FIUSD inside its existing banking/merchant footprint, and (3) institutional cash and collateral began to tokenize in earnest, highlighted by BNY Mellon plus Goldman launching tokenized money market fund shares and tokenized Treasury products (for example BlackRock’s) being used as collateral in crypto market infrastructure.
Equity markets validated the category by funding and repricing a new cohort of crypto operators, giving institutions liquid comps they can benchmark and own. Collectively, Circle, Bullish, eToro, Figure, and Gemini raised roughly $4B, and most opened about 30% to 170% above issue, a clear sign the IPO window was genuinely open for the sector. More important than day-one pops was the breadth of business models that got priced: a stablecoin network (Circle), exchanges and liquidity venues (Bullish, Gemini), a scaled brokerage with meaningful crypto distribution (eToro), and on-chain credit and securitization rails (Figure). Galaxy’s Nasdaq move added a cleaner U.S.-listed comp for institutional crypto financial services.
2025 made crypto “institutionally distributable.” The permission set became clearer, scaled incumbents embedded crypto into mainstream workflows, and the IPO window reopened enough to create benchmark comps across business models, setting the category up to scale like other financial products.