A Two Way Street: Crypto’s Convergence Into TradFi
The prevailing market narrative is that TradFi is pushing into crypto, and this week added to that case. Charles Schwab said it will launch spot bitcoin and ether trading for retail clients, while Goldman Sachs filed for a bitcoin ETF product. Those are real milestones, but they capture only one side of the integration story (Schwab announcement) (Goldman filing).
Coinbase’s April 2 preliminary conditional approval for a national trust bank charter is a reminder that crypto has also been moving the other way. The approval was for Coinbase National Trust Company, and Coinbase described the charter not as a push into deposit-taking, but as a way to bring federal regulatory consistency to the custody and infrastructure business it has already built. In practical terms, one of crypto’s largest platforms is not waiting for traditional finance to embrace it. It is moving directly into the regulated architecture of finance itself (OCC decision) (Coinbase blog).
Anchorage showed this path years ago when the OCC granted it a national trust bank charter in 2021 and imposed capital, liquidity, and risk-management expectations as part of that entry into the federal banking system. Since then, the pipeline has widened, with the OCC conditionally approving trust-bank applications for Circle, Ripple, BitGo, Fidelity Digital Assets, and Paxos in December 2025. What makes this moment especially notable is that, effective April 1, the OCC clarified that national trust banks may conduct not just fiduciary activities, but the broader operations of a trust company and related activities. The OCC said the rule did not expand its authority, but it did remove ambiguity around what the charter framework can support. That makes the path more usable for crypto-native firms whose businesses span custody, safekeeping, settlement, and other market infrastructure functions. The bigger story is not just TradFi entering crypto. It is a two-way convergence in which some of crypto’s most important firms are increasingly becoming regulated financial infrastructure themselves (Anchorage approval) (2025 OCC approvals) (OCC ruling).